Buying land in Nigeria is one of the smartest investments you can make—but it can also be risky if you don’t do proper checks.
Many people have lost millions due to land scams, improper documentation, and hidden disputes.
In this guide, we’ll walk you through 10 important things to check before buying land in Nigeria so you can invest with confidence.
1. Verify Ownership of the Land
Before making any payment, confirm that the person selling the land is the real owner.
Ask for the following:
- Full name of the owner
- Valid Identification
- Proof of ownership
If possible, meet the owner directly—not just an agent.
2. Check the Land Documents
Proper documentation is EVERYTHING in real estate.
Important documents to look out for before buying land in Nigeria include:
- Certificate of Occupancy (C of O)
- Survey Plan
- Deed of Assignment
- Governor’s Consent
Make sure the documents are genuine and verifiable.
3. Conduct a Survey Verification
Take the survey plan to a licensed surveyor or land registry to confirm:
- If the land truly exists
- If it is not under government acquisition
- If it is not in a restricted area
This step can save you from buying “ghost land.”
4. Check for Government Acquisition
Some lands are owned by the government and cannot be legally sold.
These types of lands include:
- Committed land
- Acquired land
- Free land (safe to buy)
Always confirm the land status at the land registry.
5. Investigate Family or Community Issues
In many parts of Nigeria, land belongs to families or communities.
Ask these questions:
- Is the land under dispute?
- Has it been sold to multiple buyers?
- Are there pending conflicts?
This helps you avoid future legal battles.
6. Know the Real Price of the Land
Don’t rush into buying because of a “cheap offer.”
Compare the:
- Prices of nearby lands
- Market value in that area
If it’s too cheap, it may be a red flag.
7. Inspect the Land Physically
Never buy land without visiting it.
Check the:
- Accessibility (road access)
- Environment (flood-prone or not)
- Neighborhood development
What you see online may be different in reality.
8. Check Land Size and Measurements
Ensure the land size matches what you’re paying for.
The common sizes of land in Nigeria are:
- 1 Plot = 600 sqm
- Half Plot = 300 sqm
Use a surveyor to confirm accurate measurements.
9. Use a Lawyer for Documentation
It is important to use a real estate lawyer, who will:
- Verify documents
- Draft agreements
- Protect your legal rights
This is not where you should try to save money.
10. Get Proper Receipt and Documentation After Payment
After payment, collect:
- Receipt of purchase
- Signed Deed of Assignment
- Any other legal documents
These are your proof of ownership.
Final Thoughts
Buying land in Nigeria doesn’t have to be risky—if you follow the right process.
Taking these precautions will help you:
- Avoid scams
- Secure your investment
- Have peace of mind
